Can we build a more efficient airplane? Not really, says physics. | Empirical Zeal - http://www.empiricalzeal.com/2012...
Oct 12, 2012
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Planes fly by throwing air down. That’s basically it. It’s an important point, so I’ll say it again. Planes fly by throwing air down.
As a plane hurtles through the air, it carves out a tube of air, much of which is deflected downwards by the wings. Throw down enough air fast enough, and you can stay afloat, just as the downwards thrust of a rocket pushes it up. The key is that you have to throw down a lot of air (like a glider or an albatross), or throw it down really fast (like a helicopter or a hummingbird). , 10 -12 http://gizmodo.com/5950763...
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Flying behind the power curve 2 -18 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://flighttraining.aopa.org/magazin...
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Pushing the Envelope , 10 -17 http://friendfeed.com/citizen...
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Energy Management , 10 -10 -13 http://blogs.smithsonianmag.com/science... http://www.nature.com/ncomms... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... 1 -18 goose https://www.sciencenews.org/article...
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Situational Awareness , 11 -7 of Magpies ? 12 -2 http://friendfeed.com/citizen... 1 -22 4:10pm+- daytime visitation by an owl = http://www.whats-your-sign.com/animal-... http://www.symbolic-meanings.com/2007... http://hubpages.com/hub... http://www.rpg.net/columns... https://archive.org/stream... http://walkingwithancestors.blogspot.com/2012... noise on porch, i look out, a bird flys away from the top of the door, it lands in the tree, can't quite make it out, i look with binoculars and see a small owl (screech?) , it watches me for a couple of minutes or so i a'm happy, look away and look back twice third time it is gone . interpretation? my other owl stories ... 2 -1 western screech yep http://www.audubon.org/magazin...
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Template:Fins and foils http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... Six degrees of freedom http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... , sort Gimbals What is a gimbal -- and what does it have to do with NASA? http://science.howstuffworks.com/gimbal1... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... , 11 -25 http://history.nasa.gov/ap10fj... http://www.geodatasys.com/gimbal... 4 -26 http://howthingsfly.si.edu/flight-...
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9 -14 Reaction_control_system http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... Attitude_control http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki...
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5 -12 Biomechanics http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... The mechanome http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... consists of the body, or ome, of data including cell and molecular processes relating to force and mechanical systems at molecular, cellular and tissue length scales, i.e. the fundamental "machine code" structures of the cell. The mechanome encompasses biological motors, like kinesin, myosin, RNAP, and Ribosome mechanical structures, like actin or the cytoskeleton, or processes, such as cytokinesis or chemotaxis. The mechanome seeks to understand the fundamental physical-mechanical processes and events that are common to biological function. An example at the molecular level includes the common structural designs used by kinesin and myosin motor proteins (such as dimer formation and mechanochemical cycles) that control their function and lead to properties such as processivity. The mechanome assembles the common features of these motors regardless of the "track" (microtubules, actin filaments, nucleotide based structures, membranes) they move on. A cytoskeletal example includes structures such as actin filament networks and bundles that can form from a variety of actin binding proteins that cross-link or bundle actin filaments leading to common mechanical changes of these structures. A cell machinery example includes common structures such as contractile ring formation formed by both actin and tubulin type structures leading to the same mechanical result of cell division.
A definition of the "Mechanome" extending to cell/organ/body given by Prof. Roger Kamm, at the 5th World Congress of Biomechanics Munich, includes understanding: The complete state of stress existing from tissues to cells to molecules. The biological state that results from the distribution of forces. Requires knowledge of the distribution of force throughout the cell/organ/body, the functional interactions between these stresses and the fundamental biological processes. "Mechanomics" is then the study of how forces are transmitted and the influence they have on biological function.
Using mechanical force techniques, such as optical tweezers or atomic force microscopy, single proteins can be identified by a unique structural fingerprint http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki...
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The hummingbird’s speed and grace is explained by the density of mitochondria in its wing muscles, leading to an abundant flow of ATP to the myosin. http://thebaffler.com/past... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... [[[[ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikiped... 3 -2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... 5 -12 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... https://friendfeed.com/citizen... 6 -16 http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-31...
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2 -1 Albatross
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Membrane muscle function in the compliant wings of bats http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-31... 6 -22 sort http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... 1 -22 http://gizmodo.com/mad-sci...
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1 -9 space sort to ] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... 1 -22 http://youtu.be/vpBsFzjyRO8
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... Flight_control_system-Fluidics http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki...
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