[...] There is a need for computational approaches that automate the integration of multiple sources to enable the model annotation process. Ideally, the retrieval and integration of biological knowledge for model annotation should be performed quickly, precisely, and with a minimum of manual effort. If information is added manually, it is very difficult for the modeller to annotate exhaustively. Current systems biology model annotation tools rely mainly on syntactic data integration methods such as query translation. A review of data integration methodologies in the life sciences is available in Section 1.6, and the Saint syntactic integration system for model annotation is described in detail in Chapter 3. [...] - Allyson Lister